RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

The respiratory system is the manager of providing the oxygen that the body needs and to eliminate the carbon dioxide or carbonic gas that takes place in all the cells across the process called breathing. The breathing is an involuntary and automatic process, in which there is extracted the oxygen of the inspired air and the gases of waste are expelled by the exhaled air. The organs that form a part of the respiratory system are: nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs and diaphragm.

    In the process of respiration the following organs participate:

NOSE :It consists of two large cavities whose function is to allow the entry of air, which is moistened, filtered and heated to a certain temperature through structures called turbinates.

PHARINX:A muscular, membranous duct that helps air to flow into the lower airways.

EPIGLOTTIS :Lid that prevents food from entering the larynx and trachea when swallowing. It also marks the boundary between the oropharynx and the laryngopharynx.

LARINX :Duct whose main function is the filtration of inspired air. In addition, it allows the passage of air to the trachea and lungs and closes to not allow the passage of food during swallowing if the own has not desired and has the function of a vocal organ, ie produces the sound.

WINDPIPE :It provides an open pathway to the air inhaled and exhaled from the lungs.

BRONCHUS :It conducts air from the trachea to the bronchioles.

BRONCHIOLE :It conducts the air that goes from the bronchi through the bronchioles and ending in the alveoli.

SOCKET :Hematosis (Allows gas exchange, that is, inside the blood eliminates carbon dioxide and collects oxygen).

LUNGS :The function of the lungs is to perform the gas exchange with the blood, so the alveoli are in close contact with capillaries.

INTERCOSTAL MUSCLES :The main function of the respiratory muscles is to mobilize a volume of air that serves, after an appropriate gas exchange, to supply oxygen to different tissues.

DIAPHRAGM :Striated muscle separating the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity. Intervenes in breathing, lowering the pressure inside the thoracic cavity and increasing the volume during inhalation and increasing the pressure and decreasing the volume during exhalation. This process is carried out, mainly, by the contraction and relaxation of the diaphragm.